Improved Nuclear Power Plant Operations

TheAP1000®加压水反应器（PWR）有几种设计功能，可提高工人的安全和生产，以及可用性和容量因素。188金博下载

改善植物性能

  • 18-month fuel cycle for improved availability and reduced overall fuel cost
  • 显着降低维护，测试和检验要求和人员配置
  • Reduced radiation exposure, less plant waste
  • 93％可用性
  • Sixty-year design lifetime

运营与维护

一个重要的方面AP1000PWR设计哲学侧重于植物可操作性和可维护性。被动安全功能使用比有多个188金博下载主动泵驱动系统的阀门数量小得多，并且根本没有安全泵;因此，可以执行较少的服务测试。特别是，简化的安全系统可降低监控要求，显着简化技术规188金博下载范，减少强制关闭的可能性。较低的操作和维护要求导致更小的维护人员。

变速屏蔽电机的反应堆冷却剂聚氨酯mps (RCPs) simplify plant startup and shutdown operations because they are capable, for example, of reducing RCP speed during plant cooldown and providing the capability to vary RCP speed to better control shutdown operating-mode transitions. The RCPs operate at constant speed during power operations, simplifying control actions during load shifts.

数字I＆C设计显着降低了所需的I＆C监控测试，并简化了故障排除，维修和后期维护测试。该工厂包括一些冷却运算的自动化，并改善蒸汽卸料，低压性能。先进的控制室设计显着改善了操作员界面和工厂操作能力。

总的来说，已经强调了经过验证的组件的选择，以确保高度的可靠性和降低的维护要求。组件标准化可减少备件库存，维护，培训要求，并允许更短的维护时间。为关键组件提供内置测试能力。

工厂布局确保足够的检测和维护访问。划仓空间提供设备和人员的阶段，设备拆除路径和空间，以适应远程操作的服务设备和移动设备。在关键位置提供接入平台和提升设备，是服务规范，如电力，脱矿，呼吸和服务空气，通风和照明以及计算机数据公路连接。

TheAP1000plant also incorporates radiation exposure reduction principles to keep worker dose as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). Exposure length, distance, shielding, and source reduction are fundamental criteria that are incorporated into the design with the result of:

  • Minimized operational releases
  • 工人辐射曝光大大减少了
  • Total radwaste volumes minimized through features such as no boron load follow, ion exchange rather than evaporation, segregation of wastes at the source, minimization of active components, and packaging in high-integrity containers
  • Other (non-radioactive) hazardous wastes minimized through such features as a simplified plant (e.g., elimination of many oil lubricated pumps), careful selection of processes (e.g., laboratory and turbine-side chemistry), and segregation of wastes

TheAP1000plant is designated for rated performance with up to 10 percent of the steam-generator tubes plugged and with a maximum hot-leg temperature of 321.1°C (610°F). The plant is designed to accept a step-load increase or decrease of 10 percent between 25 and 100 percent power without reactor trip or steam-dump system actuation, provided that the rated power level is not exceeded. Further, theAP1000plant is designed to accept a 100 percent load rejection from full power to house loads without a reactor trip or operation of the pressurizer or steam generator safety valves.

The AP1000®- 运营和维护（O＆M）成本

与燃煤植物相比，美国核电站已经有竞争力的电力生产者。这种美德通过燃料成本提高了核电站生产成本的约25％。188金宝搏是什么东西?其余75％的生产成本是固定运行和维护成本。

That means that nuclear power production is less sensitive to changes in fuel costs than coal-fired plants where fuel costs can be more than 75 percent of the production cost. TheAP1000plant’s modern design will engender even less expensive production by requiring less manpower for O&M than current plants for many reasons, including:

  1. Less equipment and less safety-grade equipment to maintain and test
  2. 改进的设备，如主要系统罐头电机泵，可维护，不需要典型的轴密封冷却液泵的复杂密封系统
  3. 特征for faster head removal for refueling
  4. Less waste produced
  5. Improved protection from and fewer opportunities for radiation exposure (ALARA design)
  6. Online-diagnosing electronics
  7. A main control room featuring the latest human-interface design, needing only an operator and supervisor for normal operation

核电操作研究所（INPO）的独立研究确定了一种被动“单一，成熟的先进水电反应堆”，需要大约三分之一的O＆M员工，而不是目前经营的核电站。